July 28, 1821: Peru declares independence.

July 29, 1957: The International Atomic Energy Agency is established.

July 30, 1947: Arnold Schwarzenegger, an Austrian/American bodybuilder, actor, politician and the 38th Governor of California is born.

July 31, 1965: English author J. K. Rowling is born.

August 1, 1834: Slavery abolished in the British Empire.

August 2, 1870: The Tower Subway – world's first underground railway – beneath river Thames in London opened.

August 3, 2005: Mahmoud Ahmadinejad takes office in Iran.